The conflict between Israel and Hamas terrorists in Palestine has sparked renewed interest in Iran’s weight in the Middle East. In Tehran, Shiite ayatollahs (in power since 1979) have been working for decades to strengthen the “Shiite Crescent” that extends from Yemen to the Gaza Strip. But in the face of common enemies (Israel and the United States), we do not approach religious matters very carefully, so we also find Hamas, with its Sunni inspiration, on the axis. This front opposes Arab Gulf countries Which – with much hesitation, as the reactions to the October 7 attacks made clear – is instead trying to promote stability in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia, for example, needs it for Vision 2030, bin Salman’s program that aims to diversify the country’s economy and wean it from oil. Stability also comes through the normalization of relations with Israel: it must also be read in this sense Abraham Accords, signed by the Saudis and the United Arab Emirates in 2020 with Israel under the auspices of the United States. The Tehran regime, which has different relations with every country in the region, opposes this process.

Gaza: Underground tunnels dug by Hamas: more than 500 kilometers long and 45 meters deep