Cosmic Thermometer: The Universe Is Still Warm From The Big Bang

Originally, very soon after the Big Bang, the universe likely shone like a gigantic halogen lamp: its heat radiation was much hotter than it is today, and its temperature was about 3000 K. Since then, the universe has expanded, as has thermal radiation. The cosmic halogen lamp has become our current cosmic microwave background radiation, which has a temperature of about 3 K. Although researchers can use the Standard Cosmological Model to calculate the intermediate stages of this cooling, it is difficult to measure how hot the universe was a few billion years ago.

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